What Are Three Key Differences Between The Us Health Care...

PAGE 2 - Mid Term Examination HCAD 620 Short Essay Questions Based on the first chapter of Shi and Singh, what are three key differences between the US Health care system and healthcare systems found in other nations? A. There is no central agency governing the health care system: The U.S health care services have a higher percentage of private ownership and financial control of budgets. However, the government has control of health care provided to the poor, elderly and less privileged through Medicare, Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP). B. Insurance coverage determines access to health care services: A person has access to health care only if he/she is employer-covered or purchased from the open market. C. Delivery of health care is under an imperfect market: Various providers exist with varying prices. Hence, the lower the price, the higher the demand and vice versa. Provide one example of how American values and beliefs affect the US health care system. Capitalism is an example of American values and beliefs which affects the U.S health care system, which is â€Å"a social system based on the principle of individual rights. Politically, it is the system of laissez-faire (freedom). Legally, it is a system of objective laws (rule of law as opposed to rule of man). Economically, when such freedom is applied to the sphere of production, its result is free-market†, Capitalism.org. The U.S operates a capitalist health care system where private ownership isShow MoreRelatedBismarck Model And Other Universal Health Care1259 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States as compared to Bismarck Model and other universal health care systems is lacking control and so fragmented especially to other nations. Bismarck Model or as stated in the text book â€Å"the insurance model† is known as the oldest health care model (Kovner Knickman, 2011). Althoug h, every employer and employee (payroll deductions) contributes according to income (Kovner Knickman, 2011). Bismarck varies in the â€Å"basic coverage† from one country to another (Kovner Knickman, 2011). FoundRead MoreNicaragu A Democratic System1286 Words   |  6 PagesNicaragua: one of Central’s America’s largest countries gets it name derived from Nicarao a â€Å"Nahuatl name that means â€Å"next to the water† (Belli, Humberto 1985 Pg. 15).† Nicaragua is about the size of New York State and spans over 51,000 square miles. It is bounded by the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea, with Honduras and Costa Rica bordering. The estimated population is about 5 million as of 2011 and a national census has not been done since then. The median age of Nicaraguans is 15 because of theRead MoreHealthcare Disparities And Lack Of Health Care1546 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s society, there is still a great struggle with health care disparities an d many lives are affected by the lack of this fundamental program in our society. There are millions of people who die each year because they are unable to afford quality healthcare. The debate still continues about healthcare inequalities, what causes this disparity and who are affected by it. Health care is more of a necessity rather than a luxury and even though skeptics may argue to the latter, it only underlinesRead MoreHealth Is Not A Luxury1499 Words   |  6 PagesHealth is not a luxury, instead it is the birth right of every individual to have the best possible health care. But when we say that â€Å"Healthcare† is a basic human right, what do we really mean by that? What is being done to achieve healthcare as a fundamental right of an individual? According to the UN HDI 2014 Statistics report, USA stands at the eighth position in the list of developed countries, quite ahead of Canada, Japan, France, Singapore, yet the condition of healthcare is trailing behindRead MoreAubrey Longfield. 2/11/16. Soc 102. Chapter One: Thinking1414 Words   |  6 PagesAubrey Longfield 2/11/16 SOC 102 Chapter One: Thinking About Social Problems What is a Social Problem? There are a few key points to consider when determining if something is a social problem. Some elements of a social problem may be objective and some may be subjective. The first two objective points are first that there must be some existence of a social condition, or a situation that someone has in society. Second that problems are recognized either through the things we see, or through thingsRead MoreHealthcare Information Technology and Managerial Control in the Twenty-First Century3077 Words   |  12 PagesHealth Care Information Technology and Managerial Control in the Twenty-First Century Introduction The US has been facing a crisis in its healthcare system. There are systemic issues regarding the cost, quality and access to healthcare which need to be addressed with utter urgency. The US spends more than 18% of its gross domestic product (GDP) on healthcare which is more than any industrialized nation spends both as a percentage of GDP and on a capital level. Despite this huge expenditure, thereRead MoreThe Many Problems of Obamacare2055 Words   |  9 PagesAmerican healthcare expenditures are drastically increasing and the number of people purchasing medical coverage is declining. The United States healthcare system in contrast to others is recognized to be the most expensive and as a result more than fifty million American citizens are left uninsured, given the low income rate (Garson 1). Those who, in fact, purchase coverage are not properly protected, therefore other individuals do not bother wasting their money and purchasing healthcare. As soonRead MoreHealthcare Insuran ce Issues2507 Words   |  11 Pages Healthcare Insurance Issues September 11, 2008 Healthcare today is a big issue for a lot of individuals, and families. Because it’s not affordable and some plans are lacking the necessary coverage people need these days. There are many ways to make healthcare more affordable, adequate, efficient, and patient-centered. That being said there are also various healthcare plans that are suited forRead MorePros and Cons of Us Healthcare System10039 Words   |  41 PagesCanadas Health Care System October 19, 2012 Table of Contents I. Problem/Issue Statement 5 II. Literature Review 6 III. Problem Analysis 22 A. Government involvement 22 B. Coverage and Access 24 C. Wait times 24 D. Price of health care 25 E. Medical professionals 26 F. Drugs 27 G. Technology 28 H. Malpractice Litigation 28 I. Health Care Outcome 29 IV. Solutions and Implementation 29 V. Justification 31 VI. References 35 Executive Summary In this paper, the USA healthcare systemRead MoreThe Difference Between Eastern and Western Medicine1823 Words   |  7 Pagesdirect result of our personal faith and how we care for ourselves. Research proves there is a connection between living a life of faith, being healthy and therefore being able to heal successfully. Any effective treatment has to address the whole person; mind, body, and spirit, and not just â€Å"the colon cancer in room four-eighty† (Koenig 65). Moreover, as important as it is for doctors and caregivers to treat the whole person, â€Å"A joyful heart is the health of the body, but a depressed spirit dries up

Trade Barriers Of International Trade - 1659 Words

Introduction Trade barriers refer to the measures and policies that public authorities implement with the objective of controlling imports and exports to protect goods and services that are produced locally as well as regulating their quality on the market. They also tend to affect both the free flow of international trade and investments. Consequently, the measures adopted may either take the form of legislation or economic strategies. Examples of economic strategies employed to impose trade barriers include tariffs, customs procedure, quotas, embargos, and technical standards that are set primarily to control the quality of import. As much as trade barriers are imposed to protect the local industries and its products and services within†¦show more content†¦For this reason, specific rules, consideration, and tactics have been placed alongside the economic arguments in knowing whether the pursuit of FTAs should be developed and implemented (World Bank 8). Additionally, the proponents for trade barriers believe that quotas, tariffs and embargos will successfully protect the local industries and products from the unfair competition brought by foreign companies. Furthermore, they admit that once the importation of some foreign superior goods is banned, it will provide a chance for local industries to grow as the level of competition will be minimal. However, this idea can be successful, but not for every country as the policy is not applicable with a developed nation because of high cost of production. In other words, trade barriers tend to offer more harm than good for the less developed nations as they usually have a low capitalism to manage the cost production. To solve this issue, the developing country ought to be in the frontline of eliminating trade barriers to boost its foreign direct investment as well as introduce modern technologies to its economy. This concept relates to Adam Smith’s understanding of international coop eration and trading among the nations, which Smith states that: It is the axiom of every particular master of a domestic, never to try to make at homegrown what it will cost him more to make than to buy. If an overseas country can fund us with aShow MoreRelatedInternal And External Factors Affecting International Business Environment And The Trade Barriers Essay971 Words   |  4 PagesResearch background Globalization is a process that eliminates the barriers between different countries and increases level of interaction between them and international business is considered as one of the mechanisms used in trade globalization. A lot of challenges and opportunities for international business arises and need to be studied in addition to strategies used to seize these opportunities and to overcome the potential barriers. 1.2 Research objective The objective of this research is to studyRead MoreThe Impact Of International Trade Policy On New Zealand And Other Countries Essay1536 Words   |  7 Pages International trade policy is an important part of how the word does business and there is the underlying question about how it should be done and what part the government should play not just in New Zealand but around the world. New Zealand is a country that has great trade policies, these trade policies help create a great reputation for being free flowing and business friendly. Trade policy is defined as the laws around the exchange or goods between countries. In this essay, I will begin by discussingRead MoreInternational Factors and Multinational Corporations1724 Words   |  7 PagesRegional Trade Agreements and Global trade liberalization are common terms that are used to analyze different market structures in the market. According to international economics, RTAs (Regional Trading Agreements) are the agreements in which members give each another privileged treatment with respect to the extent by which the trade barriers have been established. On the other side, Global Trade liberalization is a general term referring to the depletion of trade boundaries globally to ensure freeRead MoreWhat ´s International Trade1442 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction International trade is to explain why countries to import and export cargo, and barriers to trade and many different steps and trade barriers have been taken down and explain some economic factors must be protected trade. When foreign trade is not strongly change, government spending and taxes, like most of the headlines, it aroused some peoples blood in economics. Both exports and imports will affect the livelihood and way of life. These people are very anxious, but those who worryRead MoreInternational Trade Agreements And How Governmental Influences Benefited Trade1231 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscuss the benefits United States (U.S) had by engaging in international trade agreements and how governmental influences benefitted trade. To regulate international trade between nations, international trade agreements exist. These agreements involve regulating imports, exports and international trade of some specialty goods. The United States have been involved in many international trade agreements including free trade agreements. Free trade Agreements (FTA) helps the United States to open up foreignRead MoreOverview of Free Trade Barriers695 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout history nations have utilized trade barriers such as tariffs and embargoes to regulate trade among other nations (Bartlett, 1998). The purpose of such trade barriers was to provide safeguards for a nations imports and exports. The philosophy surrou nding the use of trade barriers has changed from time to time with there being periods when they were used extensively and periods when they were abandoned entirely. Prior to the First World War international trade was flourishing and although tariffsRead MoreExplicit and Implicit Barriers1270 Words   |  6 PagesExplicit and Implicit Barriers: how they impact MNCs Benjamin Osiel International marketing is a concrete field and established on the principle that transactions can be carried out through International marketing much more effectively because of many necessities that are still unsatisfied throughout the world. Hence, this particular field could improve the quality of life of each individual (Cayla and Arnould, 2008). It is identified that organisations would experience difficulties by exportingRead MoreInternational Trade Policy And Economic Development776 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In today s world economy, international trade policy plays an important role in national economic growth and economic development, it has become an important part of the international trading environment. Based on the historical research, free trade policy and protectionism are the two main catalogues of international trade policy. Free trade is a system in which the trade of goods and services between or within countries flows unhindered by government-imposed restrictions and interventionsRead MoreWhat Are Barriers And Trade?920 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION: What are barriers to trade? International trade barriers are restrictions put in place by the government to prevent the inflow of international goods and services to the country. These restrictions are placed by the government officials with the intent of protecting their economy from the international competition; they include tariff and nontariff barriers. Some of the argument for trade restrictions includes the following; It serves as a national defense from competitions toRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On International Business828 Words   |  4 Pagesprocess of international business. Many of the items we are using at this very moment are imports, products produced in another country. Many businesses today rely on exports, products produced in their home country and shipped to other nations. Every country relies on imports and exports. Wether a firm is expanding to another nation or uses imported goods, international business is always involved and will affect the business model. Factors that wil l affect and alter the international marketplace

Nursing Quantitative Research

Question: Write about theNursing for Quantitative Research. Answer: Introduction: Research critique mentioned in this essay is a quantitative method. Another method which can be used to critique research is a qualitative method. Quantitative research is mainly emphasised on the numbers, and qualitative research is an expression of the reality of practice. Annals of Emergency Medicine, is the official journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians which is published in the United States of America. Its impact factor is 5.008. Its ERA ranking is A, which is considered as the good ranking of these class journals. This journal ranking is first out of 25 journals in this category. As this research has a good ranking, this evidence can be implemented in practice. Dr Simon Bugden, who is the first author of this article, is working in the Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Queensland. Gabor Mihala and Claire M. Rickard are the two authors who have prior experience in this field. The expertise of these authors is evident from their publications in this field. This research is carried out in the reputed organisation and its authors have expertise in this filed. Hence, this evidence can be implemented in practice. Title and Abstract: The title of the paper is matching with the content because, in this paper effect of skin glue on the efficiency of peripheral intravenous catheters was studied and the same was mentioned in the title. The objective of the study is mentioned in the paper. The objective of the study is to investigate whether the addition of skin glue can reduce the failure rate of peripheral intravenous catheters. Abstract of the paper contains information about the research design, sample size, instruments and findings of the study. However, it doesnt contain information about the aims and hypothesis of the study. Structuring the Study: A literature review was conducted for both the aspects of problem and solution for the problem. The problem mentioned in this study is the failure of peripheral intravenous catheters. From the literature review, it was mentioned that around 80 % of the hospitalised patients were inserted with catheters. Out of these patients, approximately 33 to 69% devices encountered problems in first 48 hours after insertion (Limm et al., 2013; Wilkinson and Fitz-Henry,2008). The solution put forwarded for this failure problem is the use of skin glue. A literature review was conducted for three clinical trials for the use of skin glue. These trials mentioned that failure of catheter insertion could be reduced by 21-11 %, 20-6 % and 38-14%, after use of skin glue. References mentioned in the literature review for study are recent (Simonova et al., 2012; Edwards et al., 2014 and Reynolds et al., 2015). All these references are less than ten years old. However, mentioned literature is not comprehensi ve. Number of trials should be mentioned with studies from the broad and diverse geographical areas, from different types of hospital settings and with different types of patients based on age, the severity of the disease condition, sex and socioeconomic factors. Literature didnt mention the number of participants in study and criteria for the measurement of failure rate. The investigation was carried out by single-site, two arms, non-blinded, randomised and controlled trial in ED department. Ethical approval was taken from the hospital human research ethics committee before initiation of the study, and this trial was registered with the Australian and NewZealand Clinical Trials Registry. In this paper, a scientific hypothesis is mentioned and not the null hypothesis. From the stated hypothesis, it is evident that researcher wishes to study the relation between the addition of skin glue and failure rate of the catheter. Intention to study the difference between control group and int ervention group is not evident from the stated hypothesis (LoBiondo-Wood and Haber, 2014). The Sample: Information about the sample is mentioned in the abstract and the flow chart of the study design. However, it is not mentioned in the materials and methods section of the paper. It should have been mentioned in the materials and methods section of the paper. The sample size was determined by screening the patients with the help of trained ED research nurse. 360 patients were selected, and 380 catheters were inserted. Patients with age above 18 years were selected with the insertion of the upper limb peripheral intravenous catheter. Patency of this catheter insertion was confirmed by the intravenous flush of the 10-mL 0.9% saline solution. Informed consent was taken from the patients. Criteria for an allergic reaction, irritation, infection, agitated patients and non-English speaking patients were set for the exclusion of participants, however, none of the participants was excluded from the study. There was no loss of the participants during the study. Data Collection: Data was collected by the direct observation, visualisation, chart review and standard patient questionnaire. Data was collected by the research nurse in ED department. Data was collected in person, if the patient is in the hospital and it was collected through phone if patients left the hospital. All the data for the primary and secondary outcome are adequately described in the article. It comprises of the number of patients exhibited each outcome and its respective percentage. It also described confidence interval between standard care and skin glue group. Data was also graded by frequency of occurrences. PIVC failure is most prevalent followed by dislodgement, phlebitis and occlusion. More information should have been given for outcome data on the age of the patient, site of insertion and PIVC gauge size. The failure rate of the catheter with particular age of the patient, insertion site and PIVC gauge size would have been helpful in bringing more clarity of the study. Most of the data were collected by observations, chart review and standard patient questionnaire. There was no use of instruments for data collection in this study. There were no details mentioned about the specific criteria or scale for the infection. It would have been clearer on the severity of infection, if redness and swelling of the infected area had been expressed in cut-off values like 10 mm or 20 mm. Hence, it is difficult to make the conclusion whether mentioned data meets certain standard criteria established for each outcome. Details of the patient chart and standard patient questionnaire were not mentioned in this paper. There was no mention of ethical consideration on data collection (Peace and Chen, 2010; Sheridan, 2016). Data Analysis: There is a minimal loss in the follow-up in both terms of the number of patients and number of devices. Moreover, follow-up loss is similar in both groups of intervention. Hence, this data would be reliable to compare between these two groups. This assessment is non-blinded to both researcher and the patient. In study design section, it is mentioned that this study is non-blinded. Results for PIVC failure and dislodgement are both statistically and clinically significant. In the case of PIVC failure difference between standard care and skin glue is 10 % which is clinically significant. The confidence interval is 18% to 2% with P=0.2 for PIVC failure which is statistically significant. In the case of dislodgement, the difference between standard care and skin glue is 7 % which is clinically significant. The confidence interval is 13% to 0% for dislodgement which is statistically significant. Data obtained for secondary outcome measures like infection, phlebitis, occlusions are not sta tistically and clinically significant. Statistics used in this study is mainly the inferential statistics. In inferential statistical analysis, some conclusion about the source population can be drawn, using the results obtained from the sample (Sahu et al., 2015). In this study, the conclusion about standard and skin glue obtained from source sample. In PVIC failure, 95 % times difference between percentage failure falls between values -18 and -2 and 5 % times these values do not falls between -18 and -2. In dislodgement, 95 % times difference between percentage failure falls between values -13 and 0 and 5 % times these values do not falls between -13 and 0. In phlebitis, 95 % times difference between percentage failure falls between values -5 and 3 and 5 % times these values do not falls between -5 and 3. In occlusion, 95 % times difference between percentage failure falls between values -8 and 4 and 5 % times these values do not falls between -8 and 4. Findings: These findings were expected because in the literature also it was mentioned that use of skin glue could be helpful in the reducing failure of the peripheral intravenous catheters. This decrease in the failure rate is also falling in the range mentioned in the literature. Enough information is presented in the paper to judge the results. This information is presented in terms of number of devices failure in each group and its percentage. Confidence interval is also mentioned for comparison. All the information is useful to judge the results in both the terms like clinical and statistical significance. Results are clearly stated in a broad manner; however in-depth results were not mentioned. Results for PIVC failure and dislodgement were presented regarding the number of failures, its percentage and the confidence interval. Expected results were not obtained for the infection, phlebitis, and occlusion. It was clearly mentioned in the article that, there was no difference between the s tandard care and skin glue group for infection, phlebitis, and occlusion. According to the researcher, the failure rate of catheters in the control group is consistent with reported literature data. Hence, this study, can be considered as valid study and it reflects generalizability of the results. There is the trend in the reduction in failure in phlebitis and occlusion, however, this difference is very small. One of the most important limitations of the study was, measurements were made at 48 hours. Failure of the intravenous catheter beyond 48 hours cannot be extrapolated in this study. The researcher didnt mention any suggestions for future research from this study. The researcher made suggestion to the healthcare providers that use of skin glue can have beneficial effects for patient comfort, hospital flow and costs. There was no standardised protocol mentioned for outcome measurements, hence it would be difficult to replicate the exactly same study. Conclusion: Authors concluded that use of skin glue along with standard care would be beneficial in reducing failure of the peripheral intravenous catheter in the adult emergency department in the hospital. This finding would be helpful in improving comfort for the patients with the insertion of the catheter. Reduction in the failure of the catheter would be helpful in reducing irritation to the vein and preventing infection in the patients. This finding also would be effective in reducing the cost of the emergency department. This cost can be reduced by saving the time of the healthcare staff, reducing consumables, hospital stay duration and adverse effect management. Prevention of this catheter failure can also be used in improving treatment for hydration, antibiotics, and analgesia. As intravenous catheters are inserted to a large number of people every year, this reduction in cost would be helpful in reducing the burden of healthcare cost of Government. The Relevance of Nursing Practice and Case Study: There should be the integration of available evidence with clinical expertise and patient value for the effective implementation of the evidence-based practice. This paper also incorporated evidence-based practice and followed all the steps required for nursing practice. These steps comprise of the development of answerable question of clinical practice, the literature search for the evidence, application of the evidence and evaluation of the performance of the evidence in addressing the clinical question. Opinions and values of the patients and their family members should be considered along with clinical expertise for addressing clinical question in evidence-based practice. Solely evidence should not consider for providing treatment to the patient. Other aspects of personal experience, judgment, skills and above all patient values should be considered. In this research also importance is giving to patient values by helping them in removing preexisting peripheral intravenous cathete r dressing and anchoring tapes. In evidence-based practice, there should be a minimal discomfort to the patient. In this study also, efforts were made to reduce discomfort to the patient by reducing the failure rate of catheters which would be helpful in improving medication administration to the patients and reducing stay duration of the patient in the hospital. Before implementation of evidence to the patients, this evidence should be discussed with patient and family members and informed consent should be taken from the patient. In this case study also, informed consent was taken from the patient before enrolment in the study (Burman et al., 2013). In evidence-based practice healthcare provider should be open minded and implement new things to improve patient condition. Healthcare professional should be skilled and trained to search evidence for the clinical problem and implement this evidence in their own practice. In this study also, research nurse at the emergency department searched the evidence for catheter insertion, identified its problem of failure, identified solution for failure regarding use of skin glue and searched for the evidence for the use of skin glue for the reducing failure rate of catheter insertion. Research nurse in this case study also implemented the use of skin glue in the emergency department for reducing catheter failure, and these nurses achieved promising outcome from this intervention (Earle-Foley, 2011). In evidence-based practice, available evidence also should be helpful in reducing the cost of the intervention. In this study also, authors mentioned that available evidence is helpful in reducing cost of the nursing practice. Available evidence should be used effectively to evaluate the performance of the evidence implemented in the healthcare facility. In this study, reduction in catheter failure rate is in the range mentioned in the literature. The efficiency of available evidence depends on the development of answerable question, searching suitable evidence, appraising the evidence and integrating clinical expertise and patients values in practice. In this case study, all these steps are followed (Stevens, 2013). References: Burman, M.E., Robinson, B., and Hart, A.M. (2013). Linking evidence-based nursing practice and patient-centered care through patient preferences. Nursing administration Quarterly, 37(3), 231-41. Earle-Foley, V. (2011). Evidence-based practice: issues, paradigms, and future pathways. Nursing Forum, 46(1), 38-44. Edwards, M., Rickard, C.M., Rapchuk, I., et al. (2014). A pilot trial of bordered polyurethane dressings, tissue adhesive and sutureless devices compared with standard polyurethane dressings for securing shortterm arterial catheters. Critical Care and Resuscitation, 16, 175-183. LoBiondo-Wood, G., and Haber, J. (2010). Nursing Research: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Limm, E.I., Fang, X., Dendle, C., et al. (2013). Half of all peripheral intravenous lines in an Australian tertiary emergency department are unused: pain with no gain? Annals of Emergency Medicine, 62, 521-525. Marsh, N., Webster, J., Mihala, G., et al. (2015). Devices and dressings to secure peripheral venous catheters to prevent complications. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 6, CD011070. Peace, K. E., and Chen, D.G. (2010). Clinical Trial Methodology. CRC Press. Reynolds, H., Taraporewalla, K., Tower, M., et al. (2015). Novel technologies can provide effective dressing and securement for peripheral arterial catheters: a pilot randomised controlled trial in the operating theatre and the intensive care unit. Australian Critical Care, 28, 140-148. Sahu, P. K., Pal, S. ., and Das, A. K. (2015). Estimation and Inferential Statistics. Springer. Sheridan, D. J. (2016). Evidence-Based Medicine: Best Practice or Restrictive Dogma. World Scientific. Simonova, G., Rickard, C.M., Dunster, K.R., et al. (2012). Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesiveseffective securement technique for intravascular catheters: in vitro testing of safety and feasibility. Anaesthesia Intensive Care, 40, 460-466. Stevens, K.R. (2013). The impact of evidence-based practice in nursing and the next big ideas.Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 18(2), 4. Wilkinson, J.N., and Fitz-Henry, J. (2008). Securing epidural catheters with Histoacryl glue. Anaesthesia, 63, 324.

INTRODUCTION Essays (892 words) - Clinical Psychology,

INTRODUCTION: By controlling the type of music that a person listened to I believed that the music would help to shape what animal a person perceived the music to best represent. Due to the large array of animals, I anticipated that I would need to classify the animals into two groups: carnivores and herbivores. In addition, I assumed that the group herbivore1 would be present in both groups. There are many different kinds of music in our society. Music affects many people's lives. This can be seen through people's clothes, appearance, and actions. Furthermore, the type of music a person listens to can effect their actions. At a rock concert, one would see people crowd surfing, moshing, and head banging. These three actions are both aggressive and powerful. On the other hand, at a symphony the spectators would sit back and enjoy the music, in a laid back and relaxed demeanor. Because of these two observations I came to the conclusion that when people listened to rock/heavy metal music, the animal that they associated with this type of music would be a predator, probably a carnivore.1 In addition, when people listened to the classical music, the animal that they thought of would be an animal that is preyed upon. Perhaps this animal would be a herbivore.2 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1Omnivores are a mixture of carnivores and herbivores. If one food supply runs low, that can turn to the other supply. 2Carnivore literally means the "eaters of flesh." This hunter requires a considerable ability to learn. Predators are crafty and are able to improve the techniques of ambushing, capturing and hunting. The carnivore is normally associated with being a powerful animal. 3Herbivores are animals that feed only on plants. METHODS: I administered this experiment on thirty people and they all participated in the experiment in my bedroom. I felt that this would be a quiet environment with as little distractions as possible. This was meant to stop the influence of any outside sources. At the beginning of the experiment, I told the person that they were to identify the first animal that came to mind while they were listening to the different types of music. None of the people in this experiment participated in my first experiment using inkblots and music. No one was aware of what type of music they would be listening to. Each person listened to two different kinds of music and was asked to associate an animal with each type of music. First, the person listened to classical music, Beethoven's "Requiem." They listened for two to three minutes and I turned off the music and asked them what animal they felt best represented the music that they just listened to. Then for about five minutes, I talked with the person to get their mind off the first type of music that they had just listened to. Next, the person listened to heavy metal music, Pantera's "Cemetery Gates," and the same procedure was followed. RESULTS: Each person was asked to identify one animal with each type of music. With people that listened to Pantera's "Cemetery Gates," the results were as follows: Lion8 Bear6 Tiger4 Shark4 Snake3 Alligators1 Barracuda1 Bat1 Elephant1 Spider1 In this study out of the 10 different groups of animals, 7 of the groups were carnivores, 1 of the groups was a herbivore, and 2 of the groups were omnivores. With the people that listened to Beethoven's "Requiem," the results were as follows: Butterflies8 Deer5 Dolphins5 Bunny4 Eagle1 Fox1 Giraffe1 Kangaroo1 Kitten1 Puppy1 Sparrow1 Squirrels1 In this study out of 12 different, 3 groups were carnivores, 7 of the groups were herbivores, and 2 of the groups were omnivores. DISCUSSIONS: I am a very stubborn person and I do not like to admit defeat or when I am wrong. This is why I did not change the type of music that I used in this experiment from the first experiment I performed, which I used inkblots and music together. I wanted to try to prove that the reason that my first experiment failed was the inkblots, not the type of music that I choose. Therefore, I am happy to say that this time my hypothesis and experiment was a success. I noticed something interesting in this experiment. After listening to Beethoven's "Requiem," eight people said butterfly. In my first experiment with inkblots, butterfly was the response of 15 out of the 40 people who